Historical content. This page belongs to the former “solved problems” section. The Tratado de Fundamentos (v35, Jun 2026) does not present these problems as solved: it develops them in full, classifies several results as conditional and keeps seven open fronts. The values of S and the thresholds quoted here may correspond to the earlier formulation. The current classification of each result is in the status of the results.

MCV: Virtual Quantum Matter

“Dark matter” is not an exotic particle: it is primordial tension retained/anchored gravitationally. It is the anchor of structure, identified as ρ_lat.

This page is a translation of the Spanish original. Where they differ, the Spanish text prevails.

The Problem

Observations show that ~27% of the universe is dark matter (vs ~5% ordinary matter). However, no dark matter particle has been directly detected, despite increasingly sensitive experiments (LUX, XENON, PandaX).

Evidence for Dark Matter

  • Rotation curves: Galaxies rotate too fast at the edges
  • Gravitational lensing: More mass than is visible deflects light
  • CMB: Fluctuations require non-baryonic matter
  • Structure formation: Without DM, galaxies do not form in time
  • Bullet Cluster: DM separated from gas in cluster collisions

Undetected Candidates

WIMPs

  • Predicted by SUSY
  • Mass ~100 GeV - 1 TeV
  • NOT detected (LUX, XENON)
  • Cross section excluded

Axions

  • Solve the strong CP problem
  • Mass ~10⁻⁵ eV
  • NOT detected (ADMX)
  • Very weak coupling

The MCMC Solution

The MCMC proposes that “dark matter” is not a particle, but primordial tension that remains gravitationally anchored:

Formal Definition of MCV

MCV (ρ_lat): Tension gravitationally trapped in halos, galactic cores and deep wells. It acts as local effective mass, but ontologically it belongs to the space side (Ep).

$$\text{MCV} = \rho_{lat} \quad \text{(Tension atrapada gravitacionalmente)}$$

Function: It is the “Anchor of the interior” — it supports cosmic structure.

⚠️ Important: MCV is NOT unconverted mass. It is an emergent manifestation that exists THANKS TO the conditions created by determinate mass (baryons).

Virtual χ Field

The Adrián Field Φ_Ad has virtual χ modes that remain gravitationally anchored and contribute to the energy-momentum tensor:

$$T_{\mu\nu}^{MCV} = \langle\chi|\hat{T}_{\mu\nu}|\chi\rangle = \rho_{lat} \cdot u_\mu u_\nu$$

These excitations are non-particles: they have no definite mass and cannot be detected in colliders.

Why Is It Not Detected?

Unlike WIMPs or axions, χ has no:

  • Rest mass: It is an excitation, not a particle
  • Direct coupling: It interacts only via gravity
  • Finite cross section: There is no applicable Feynman diagram

This explains the systematic non-detections.

Properties of MCV (ρ_lat)

$$\rho_{lat} = \frac{\langle\Phi_{Ad}^2\rangle}{8\pi G} \cdot f(S) \quad \text{(tension anclada)}$$
  • No collisions: σ/m → 0 (like cold CDM)
  • Zero pressure: w ≈ 0 (like matter)
  • Clustering: Follows gravitational wells — remains anchored
  • Abundance: Set by initial conditions of Φ_Ad
  • Contrast with ECV: While ρ_id (ECV) is released into the vacuum, ρ_lat (MCV) is retained in structures
MCV = ρ_lat
Retained Tension — Anchor of the Interior

“Dark matter” is primordial tension that remains gravitationally anchored, supporting cosmic structure

Differences from Standard CDM

CDM (WIMPs/Axions)

  • Particle with definite mass
  • Direct detection possible
  • Production in colliders
  • NFW profiles (cusps)

MCMC: MCV (ρ_lat)

  • Anchored tension, not a particle
  • Direct detection impossible
  • Not producible at the LHC
  • Profiles with cores (Burkert)

ECV ↔ MCV Relation

Two Emergent Manifestations of Space

ECV (ρ_id) and MCV (ρ_lat) are complementary manifestations that emerge thanks to determinate mass. Both belong ontologically to the space side (Ep):

ECV (ρ_id)

  • Tension released into space
  • Effective vacuum energy
  • “Engine of the exterior”
  • Drives global expansion

MCV (ρ_lat)

  • Tension trapped gravitationally
  • Acts as local effective mass
  • “Anchor of the interior”
  • Supports local structure

For the calculation of Scurrent, only Ωb (baryons) counts as determinate mass: S₀ = 100 × (1 - Ωb) = 95.07

Observational Predictions

MCMC Tests

  • Direct detection: Will remain null (strong prediction)
  • LHC: No SUSY/DM candidates in Run 3+
  • Profiles: Cores at all scales (see Cusp-Core)
  • MOND-like: Emergent behavior at low accelerations
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